The rate of melting is expected to continue to increase, which will contribute to sea level rise. The proportion of precipitation falling as rain rather than snow is expected to increase, except in far northern areas. The list is an interesting window into how different countries bear the brunt of climate change in different ways. A continuous record of the past 66 million years shows natural climate variability due to changes in Earth's orbit around the sun is much smaller than projected future warming due to greenhouse gas emissions. Many greenhouse gases stay in the atmosphere for long periods of time. [2] Climate models project the following precipitation and storm changes. The maps in a) show the average ice concentration (the relative area covered by sea ice) from 1986-2005. Mid-Atlantic Cities Break All-Time Snowfall Records.  Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. 2005 is the second warmest year on record. Timeline (Milestones) Here are gathered in chronological sequence the most important events in the history of climate change science. Keeling soon finds a regular year-on-year rise. Richmond, and Gary W. Yohe, Eds., 2014: Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment. [2] The area of snow cover in the Northern Hemisphere has decreased since about 1970. Future changes are expected to include a warmer atmosphere, a warmer and more acidic ocean, higher sea levels, and larger changes in precipitation patterns. The number of days with high temperatures above 90°F is expected to increase throughout the United States, especially toward the end of the century. Weather is a specific event—like a rain storm or hot day—that happens over a short period of time. An important new area of research, abrupt climate change, has developed since the 1980s. In the Arctic, February is projected to have less ice (more blue); September is projected to be nearly ice-free (almost all blue). Increased concentrations are expected to: These changes will impact our food supply, water resources, infrastructure, ecosystems, and even our own health. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is set up. Scientists are uncertain if it is a blip or a new, more ominous trend. There is less confidence in exactly where the transition between wetter and drier areas will occur. A thin strip of ice protecting the Wilkins ice sheet from collapse breaks apart, hastening the sheet’s demise – while the Arctic continues to warm much faster than expected. But we’ve got a lot of work to do before then. 2000: IPCC scientists re-assess likely future emissions and warn that, if things go badly, the world could warm by 6°C within a century. Meltwater flowing from the Greenland ice sheet Source: NASAWarming temperatures contribute to sea level rise by: expanding ocean water; melting mountain glaciers and ice caps; and causing portions of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets to melt or flow into the ocean. As temperatures rise, it may get too hot for some planes to fly. Our world is warming—human civilization is reshaping the Earth's climate as never before. This is because the variability of the climate increases at smaller geographic and shorter temporal scales. The biological and geological future of Earth can be extrapolated based upon the estimated effects of several long-term influences. Increase the frequency, intensity, and/or duration of extreme events, Natural influences on climate (e.g., from volcanic activity and changes in the sun's intensity) and natural processes within the climate system (e.g., changes in ocean circulation patterns). The National Climate Assessment summarizes the impacts of climate change on the United States, now and in the future. This is because the oceans, which store heat, take many decades to fully respond to higher greenhouse gas concentrations. According to one study, approximately 41 million U.S. residentsare at risk fro… A study links the 2003 heatwave to global warming. This figure shows projected greenhouse gas concentrations for four different emissions pathways. Al Gore’s climate change film An Inconvenient Truth becomes a box-office hit. (For a narrative see the Introduction and Summary.) Greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere will continue to increase unless the billions of tons of our annual emissions decrease substantially. 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