A miniature from the sixteenth century chronicle. In 1238 Batu, a grandson of Genghis Khan, invaded Russia with a Mongol-Kipchak force. Some Rights Reserved (2009-2021) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. A three-prong attack led by Batu and the famous Mongol general Subotai devastated the Polish and Teutonic Knights at the Battle of Legnica in 1241 CE before the main army crushed the Hungarian army at the Battle of Mohi (aka the Battle of the Sajo River) later that year. Even a decade after the Battle of the Ugra River, a Golden Horde raid struck Poland. The Golden Horde in World History. The cover design features the image of ‘Mounted Batyr’, which belongs to the brand ‘Cultural and historical heritage of Tatarstan’. In this vein, Uzbeg continued to strengthen relations with the Mamluks of Egypt, even marrying a Mongol princess to the Egyptian sultan. Under Uzbeg, the Golden Horde remained active. The Golden Horde were an Irish punk, neo-psychedelic, garage rock band based in Dublin, Ireland. Tokhtamysh fled to Lithuania and later tried and failed to retake the Golden Horde. Hulegu had sacked the great Muslim city of Baghdad in 1258 CE and had killed the last Abbasid caliph by rolling him in a carpet and trampling him to death. In 1262 CE, war broke out between the two nominal parts of the Mongol Empire. Retrieved from https://www.ancient.eu/Golden_Horde/. Was established in Southern Russia, North of the Caspian Sea. Batu set up a capital at Sarai near the Volga and introduced a pattern of tribute from the Russian princes that would become a hallmark of the Golden Horde. Golden Horde. The Mongols Sack Suzdalby Unknown Artist (Public Domain). This paper. Oxford University, The Golden Horde in World History, Kazan, 2016, 967 pages, hardcover. Thank you! An abrupt end. Lithuania defeated the Mongols at the Battle of Blue Waters in 1362 CE, following up the battle by conquering Kiev. The last major khan of the Golden Horde, Ahmed (r. 1465-1481 CE), led a campaign against Lithuania and Moldavia that ended in defeat. Yet the success of Uzbeg and Janibeg quickly unraveled. From 1359 to 1382 CE, the Golden Horde was wracked by civil war. As the Tartars, the Mongols of the Golden Horde played a key role in the story of the Mongol Empire and in that empire's legacy in Europe and popular imagination. The Golden Horde, self-designated as Ulug Ulus, lit. World History Encyclopedia is a non-profit organization. These first raids lead the Europeans to dub the Mongols Tartars, both from the name of a Mongol clan, the Tatars, and the fact that they seemingly came from the depths of hell, or Tartarus. 968 p. + 28 p. with colour insert) was presented at the conference “Tatars in World History” (April 7–8, 2017, Oxford, Great Britain). 37 Full PDFs related to this paper. Ivan III of Moscow soundly defeated the forces of the Golden Horde and the battle has ever since been recognized as the end of the Mongol domination of Russia. He led campaigns into Poland, Lithuania, and Prussia, reinforcing the European fear of the Mongols. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. The Black Death had taken a serious economic toll on the Golden Horde. The Golden Horde. Marjani Institute of History of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan, the Usmanov Center for Research on the Golden Horde and Tatar Khanates, and the University of Oxford. Later converting to Islam, the Golden Horde would meld aspects of cultures from Europe, Asia, and the Middle East while ruling Russia for over two centuries. ( Public Domain ) Modern DNA testing reveals that up to 8% of certain populations across the Asian subcontinent, about .5% of the world’s population, descends directly from that baby holding the blood clot, Genghis Khan. In fact, one of the potential origins of the name “Golden Horde” is that the color derived from that of Batu's splendid golden tent. The khan Mengu-Timur (r. 1266-1280 CE) opened the Golden Horde to trade, giving the Genoese and Venice trading colonies at Azov and Caffa, and ordering the Russians to allow German traders into their lands. The multi-authored monograph ‘The Golden Horde in World History’ offers a number of answers to these most crucial questions. Last modified October 14, 2019. Perhaps more importantly for history, Ahmed also led the Mongols during the Battle of the Ugra River in 1480 CE. ( Public Domain ) Kipchak Khanate controlled Khwarizm, th… The Golden Horde experienced many changes in the 14th century CE. Nothing to stand against Mongol warfare as the Volga Bulgars fell in 1237 CE, followed by the major Russian cities of Vladimir-Suzdal, Kiev, and Halych between 1238 and 1240 CE. She specializes in the history of the ‘Golden Horde’ – the western part of the Mongol Empire which stretched from the Ural Mountains to the Black Sea, and which enjoyed a highly strategic location at the crossroads of Asia and Europe. Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University and Michigan State University and University of Missouri. Ryazan, Kolomna and Moscow. The Golden Horde broke up into several separate khanates: the Khanate of Khazan, the Khanate of Astrakhan, the Khanate of the Crimea, the Khanate of Sibir, the Nogai Horde, and the Kazakh Khanate. During this time the Mongol grip on Eastern Europe also began to slacken. However in the late 1420s, after Barak Khan's death and during the struggle between the Shibanids, the lands to the north of the Aral Sea between Emba and Sary Su belonged to Jumaduk b. The horde suddenly turned south, moving through modern-day Serbia, and then headed back through Russia. Begun in earnest by Batu Khan in 1227 CE, the territory that would eventually become the Golden Horde came to encompass parts of Central Asia, much of Russia, and other parts of Eastern Europe. With Sabina Akhmedova, Karina Andolenko, Evgeniya Dmitrieva, Larisa Domaskina. At perhaps the height of the Golden Horde's power, Janibeg (r. 1342-1357 CE) accepted the vassalage of the Polish king Casimir III the Great (r. 1333-1370 CE), the Chaghataid Khanate, and the Jalayirids of Iraq, as well as conquering the former Ilkhanate city of Tabriz. Download Full PDF Package. Goodyear, M. (2019, October 14). 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